The concept and object of psychological counseling

Psychological counseling is the client's own psychological discomfort or psychological disorder，Through language and other communication media，Talk, inquire and discuss with the consultant，With its support and assistance，Find out the causes of psychological problems through joint discussion，Analyze the crux of the problem，Then seek the conditions and countermeasures to get rid of the dilemma and solve the problem，In order to restore psychological balance, improve the ability to adapt to the environment, improve physical and mental health。　　

The main objects of psychological counseling can be divided into three categories: first, people who are mentally normal, but have encountered realistic problems related to psychology and ask for help;Second, people who are mentally normal but have mental health problems and ask for help;The third is the special object, that is, the clinically cured mental illness patients。 Among them, the most general and main object of psychological counseling is healthy people, or sub-healthy people with psychological problems, rather than the "sick population" that people often misunderstand, and sick people such as schizophrenia, mania and other patients are the work object of psychiatrists。

Principles of psychological counseling

1.Confidentiality principle - All consultation content of visitors should be kept confidential and should not be disclosed。If case analysis and further discussion are needed, better help visitors, confidential handling of data, proper storage of correspondence, test data and other materials, leaving out real names, to avoid causing harm to visitors。If the client has an urgent danger of self-harm or harm to others or is involved in a legal case, the counseling Center will break the confidentiality principle and take corresponding measures, but also limit the information exposure to a minimum range。

2.Voluntary principle - Visitors to the psychological counseling room must be completely voluntary, which is a prerequisite for the establishment of the consultation relationship。

3.Understanding the principle of trust - the consultant should fully understand the language, actions and emotions of the client, and should hold the principle of non-ethical evaluation of the client to help the client analyze the reasons and find a way out。A good consultation relationship should be based on trust. Only by mutual trust can we communicate better, which is also necessary to achieve mutual understanding and realize the purpose and intention of consultation.

4.Respect principle - Respect the client's needs and right of choice, allowing the client to choose to continue or discontinue the consultation。For the information that needs to be understood due to consultation, it should be as frank and objective as possible to explain the reasons, seek understanding and cooperation, and must not force the client with the subjective idea of the consultant;Welcome visitors with enthusiasm, patience, respect and trust, and create a cordial and natural atmosphere for consultation。

5.The principle of equality - the effect of psychological counseling depends not only on the level of the professional level of the consultant, but more importantly, depends on the consultation relationship between him and the visitor, and the visitor should be sincere, patient, enthusiastic and equal treatment。All visitors should be treated equally, should not be subjective bias, and in order to receive。Be gracious and courteous。However, if the problem is more serious, such as the occurrence of a more urgent psychological crisis, after explaining to the current visitor, priority reception。

6.The principle of neutrality - The counselor should remain neutral and non-judgmental about the moral issues involved in the client's conversation。It is not appropriate to criticize and criticize the life words and deeds of visitors。It is up to the client to decide whether to seek or terminate psychological counseling, and the counseling teacher can only make suggestions but not tough demands。Accordingly, the adverse effects of terminating psychological counseling at will are also borne by the client。

7.The principle of punctuality - consultants and visitors must be in place according to the appointment time, can not be arbitrarily missed, can not unilaterally change the appointment time without the other party's consent。

Visitor's notice

(1) Rights of visitors

1.Have the right to know the training background and qualification of the consultant;

2.Have the right to know the specific methods, processes and principles of consultation;

3.The right to choose a suitable consultant;

4.The right to make a referral or discontinue the consultation;

5.Have the right to know, consult and choose the content of the consultation plan。

(2) Obligations of visitors

1.Comply with the relevant regulations of the advisory body;

2.Compliance and implementation, inter alia, of the agreed advisory programme;

3.Respect the consultant, observe the appointment time, and inform the consultant in advance if there is any special situation;

4.While waiting for the consultation process in the reception room, you can read the magazine information in the consultation room and keep quiet。